| Rabha (Rava) | It is Tibeto-Burman language spoken in West Assam, Garo Hills, Nagaland, West Bengal and Meghalaya. Dialects: Maitaria, Rangdania. |
| Rajbangsi (Tajpuri) | It is an Indo-Aryan language spoken in parts of Jalpaiguri, Coochbehar, Darjeeling districts of West Bengal and also in Nepal and Bangladesh. Dialect: Bahe. |
| Ralte | Spoken in Myanmar but also in some parts of Assam. |
| Rawang | This language is part of the Sino-Tibetan language family and is spoken by the Kiutze tribes located mostly near the Myanmar-Tibet border. |
| Reli | Indo-Aryan language spoken in some parts of Andhra Pradesh and Odisha. |
| Riang (Kau Bru) | It is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken in some parts of Assam, central Tripura, Mizoram and Bangladesh. |
| Sadri (Sadani, Santri, Siddri, Nagpuria, Chota Nagpuri, Dikku Kaji) | It spoken in some parts of Assam, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, West Bengal, Maharashtra, Odisha, Andaman Islands and Nagaland. |
| Saharia (Sor, Sosia) | It is spoken in some parts of Madhya Pradesh. |
| Samvedi | It is spoken in some parts of Maharashtra. |
| Santali (Hor, Har, Satar, Sandal, Sangtal, Santhali, Sentali) | It is an important adivasi language belonging to the Austric family. It is spoken by over 5 million people spread over in Bihar, Odisha, West Bengal, Tripura and Assam. It is also spoken in Bhutan and Bangladesh. Dialects: Karmali (Khole), Kamari-Santali, Lohari-Santali, Mahali (Mahle), Manjhi and Paharia. It does not have a script but is written in Bengali, Oriya, Nagari or Roman scripts. |
| Saraiki (Multani, Southern Punjabi, Reasati) | It is spoken by over 15 million people in Pakistan, but a few thousand speakers are found in India in some parts of Punjab, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Delhi and Gujarat. Dialects: Jafri, Siraiki Hindki, Thali and Jatki. |
| Saurashtri (Patnuli) | Indo-Aryan language spoken in some parts of Chennai, Madurai, Thanjavur, Tiruchchirappalli, Tirunelveli, North Arcot and Salem cities of Tamil Nadu and some parts of Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh . |
| Sauria Paharia (Malto, Malti) | Dravidian language spoken in some parts of Santhal Pargana are and Rajmahal hills of Bihar and Bankura, Bardhaman and Murshidabad districts of West Bengal. Dialects: Sahibganj, Godda, Hiranpur and Litipara (Chatgam). |
| Savara | It is a Dravidian language spoken in some parts of Andhra Pradesh. |
| Sentinel (Sentinelese) | It is spoken in Sentinel Island and other southeastern Andaman Islands. |
| Shendu (Khyen, Khieng) | It is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken in Lushai Hills of Assam and in Bangladesh. |
| Sherdukpen | It is spoken in some parts of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh. |
| Sherpa (Sharpa Bhotia, Xiaerba, Serwa) | Tibeto-Burman language spoken in the Darjeeling district of West Bengal, Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh.
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| Shina (Shinaki) | It is spoken in the Dras Valley and Gurais area in Kishenganga Valley in northern Kashmir. Dialects: Drasi and Gurezi. |
| Shobang | It is spoken in some parts of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. |
| Sholaga | Dravidian language spoken in some parts of Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. |
| Shom Peng | It is an Austro-Asiatic language spoken in the Great Nicobar Island. |
| Shrin | This language is spoken by the Dog-Pa or Shrin tribes of Jammu and Kashmir. |
| Shumcho (Thebor, Central Kinnauri) | Tibeto-Burman language spoken in some parts of the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh. |
| Sikkimese (Sikkim Bhotia, Danjongka) | Tibeto-Burman language spoken in northern half of Sikkim. |
| Simte | Tibeto-Burman language spoken in southwest Manipur. |
| Sondwari | Indo-Aryan language spoken in some parts of Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan. |
| Sora (Shabari, Savara, Sawaria) | Austro-Asiatic language spoken mainly in the Ganjam, Koraput and Phulbani areas of Odisha and also in some parts of Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Tamil Nadu, West Bengal and Assam. |
| Sunam | It is spoken in some parts of the Kinnaur district of Himachal Pradesh . |
| Tamang, Eastern | It is spoken in Darjeeling in West Bengal and in parts of Sikkim. |
| Tamaria (Temoral) | It is spoken in Ranchi and Singhbhum districts of Bihar. |
| Teressa (Taih-Long) | It is spoken in Nicobar Islands, Teressa and Bompoka islands. Dialect: Bompoka. |
| Thakuri | Indo-Aryan language spoken in some parts of Maharashtra and Odisha. |
| Tharu, Buksa (Buksa) | Indo-Aryan language spoken in some parts of Nainital, Bijnor and Garhwal districts of Uttar Pradesh. Dialects: Madnapur and Thari. |
| Tibetan (Lhasa, Bhotia, Dalai, Pohbetian) | Spoken mainly in Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan and in India in Himachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Delhi and Sikkim. Dialects: Kongbo, Spitiand Stod. |
| Toda (Todi) | Dravidian language spoken in parts of Odisha and Tamil Nadu. |
| Tsangla | It is spoken mainly in Bhutan but is also spoken in several villages in Arunachal Pradesh. |
| Tulu | It is a Dravidian language spoken mainly in the Udipi and South Kannara districts and Mangalore in Karnataka. It is also spoken by few people in Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra. It does not have a separate script. A large number of Yakshaganas are composed in Tulu. |
| Turi | It is spoken in some parts of Madhya Pradesh and Odisha. |
- Minor & Tribal Languages of India -1 (A)
- Minor & Tribal Languages of India -2 (B)
- Minor & Tribal Languages of India -3 (CD)
- Minor & Tribal Languages of India -4 (G)
- Minor & Tribal Languages of India -5 (HIJ)
- Minor & Tribal Languages of India -6 (K)
- Minor & Tribal Languages of India -7 (LM)
- Minor & Tribal Languages of India -8 (N)
- Minor & Tribal Languages of India -9 (OP)
- Minor & Tribal Languages of India -11 (U-Z)